![]() ![]() The characteristics of radio waves are such that they normally travel in a continuous straight line unless they are: It is very important for the aviation community to recognize the fact that there are limitations to radar service and that ATC controllers may not always be able to issue traffic advisories concerning aircraft which are not under ATC control and cannot be seen on radar. Most facilities actually have some components duplicated, one operating and another which immediately takes over when a malfunction occurs to the primary component. More reliable maintenance and improved equipment have reduced radar system failures to a negligible factor. The direction of a detected object from a radar site is determined by the position of the rotating antenna when the reflected portion of the radio wave is received. Range is determined by measuring the time it takes (at the speed of light) for the radio wave to go out to the object and then return to the receiving antenna. ![]() Radar is a method whereby radio waves are transmitted into the air and are then received when they have been reflected by an object in the path of the beam. FAA Form 7233−4 International Flight Plan Aeronautical Charts and Related Publications.Bird Hazards and Flight Over National Refuges, Parks, and Forests.Cold Temperature Barometric Altimeter Errors, Setting Procedures and Cold Temperature Airports (CTA).Barometric Altimeter Errors and Setting Procedures.Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting Communications.National Security and Interception Procedures.Pilot/Controller Roles and Responsibilities. ![]()
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January 2023
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